Tsarin DEA-AHP na Mataki Biyu don Zaɓin Wurin Ajiyar Wutar Lantarki ta Hasken Rana a Taiwan

1. Gabatarwa

Wannan takarda tana magance babbar ƙalubalen zaɓar mafi kyawun wuraren ajiyar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana (PV), aikin da ke da muhimmanci ga tsaron makamashi da ci gaba mai dorewa, musamman a cikin yunƙurin duniya don canzawa daga man fetur. Ta yin amfani da Taiwan a matsayin nazarin lamari, binciken ya nuna gaggawar wannan batu ga al'ummomin da suka dogara da makamashin da ake shigo da su kuma masu rauni ga sauyin yanayi.

2. Hanyar Bincike: Tsarin MCDM na Mataki Biyu

Babban gudummawar wannan takarda shine sabuwar hanyar yanke shawara ta Ma'auni da yawa (MCDM) ta mataki biyu wacce ta haɗa Nazarin Ingantaccen Bayanai (DEA) da Tsarin Nazarin Matsayi (AHP).

3. Nazarin Lamari: Taiwan

An yi amfani da hanyar don kimanta biranen da larduna 20 masu yuwuwa a Taiwan don gina gonakin wutar lantarki ta hasken rana mai girma.

4. Sakamako da Tattaunawa

5. Cikakkun Bayanai na Fasaha & Tsarin Lissafi

Tsarin DEA CCR (Charnes, Cooper, Rhodes): Asalin tsarin DEA da aka yi amfani da shi don lissafin maki ingantacciyar aiki $\theta_k$ don DMU $k$ an tsara shi azaman matsalar shirye-shirye na layi: $$ \begin{aligned} \text{Max } & \theta_k = \sum_{r=1}^{s} u_r y_{rk} \\ \text{s.t. } & \sum_{i=1}^{m} v_i x_{ik} = 1 \\ & \sum_{r=1}^{s} u_r y_{rj} - \sum_{i=1}^{m} v_i x_{ij} \leq 0, \quad j = 1, \ldots, n \\ & u_r, v_i \geq \epsilon > 0 \end{aligned} $$ Ina:

• $x_{ij}$: adadin shigarwa $i$ don DMU $j$.
• $y_{rj}$: adadin fitarwa $r$ don DMU $j$.
• $v_i$, $u_r$: ma'auni na gaske don abubuwan shigarwa da fitarwa.
• $\epsilon$: ƙaramin lamba mara Archimedean.
• $\theta_k = 1$ yana nuna ingantacciyar aiki na DEA.

Kwatanta AHP Bi da Bi & Daidaito: Ana kwatanta ma'auni bi da bi akan ma'auni na 1-9. Ana samun vector fifiko $w$ (ma'auni) daga babban eigenvector na matrix kwatanta $A$, inda $Aw = \lambda_{max}w$. Ratio na Daidaito ($CR$) dole ne ya kasance ƙasa da 0.1: $$ CR = \frac{CI}{RI}, \quad CI = \frac{\lambda_{max} - n}{n - 1} $$ inda $RI$ shine Fihirisar Bazuwar.

6. Sakamako & Bayanin Ginshiƙi

Ginshiƙi na Ra'ayi 1: Tsarin Gudanar da MCDM na Mataki Biyu
Taswirar gudana wacce ke nuna: (1) Wuraren ɗan takara 20 da aka shigar a cikin (2) Tsarin DEA (Abubuwan Shigarwa na Yanayi/Fitarwar Rana) wanda ke tacewa zuwa (3) Wurare Masu Ingantacciyar Aiki (Maki=1). Ana shigar da waɗannan sannan a cikin (4) Tsarin AHP (Ma'auni 5 & Ƙananan ma'auni) wanda ke kaiwa zuwa (5) Matsayin Wuri na Ƙarshe mai Ma'auni.

Ginshiƙi na Ra'ayi 2: Tsarin Ma'auni na Ma'auni na AHP
Taswirar sandar kwance da ke nuna ma'auni na ma'auni na matakin farko (Wuri, Fasaha, Tattalin Arziki, Zamantakewa, Muhalli) da zurfafa don ma'aunin Tattalin Arziki yana nuna babban ma'auni na ƙananan ma'auni na "Hanyoyin Tallafi" (0.332).

Ginshiƙi na Ra'ayi 3: Taswirar Matsayin Wuri na Ƙarshe
Taswirar jigo na Taiwan tare da alamar wuraren ɗan takara 20. Manyan wuraren da aka jera (Tainan, Changhua, Kaohsiung) an haskaka su a cikin launi na farko (#FF9800), tare da sauran wuraren da aka inuwa a cikin gradients bisa ga makin AHP na ƙarshe.

7. Tsarin Nazari: Misalin Lamari

Yanayi: Kimanta wurare biyu na hasashe, "Birni A" da "Birni B," bayan matakin DEA.

Mataki na 1 - Kwatanta AHP Bi da Bi (Ma'aunin Tattalin Arziki):
Mai yanke shawara ya kwatanta ƙananan ma'auni:
An yi hukunci "Hanyoyin Tallafi" a matsayin 'Mafi mahimmanci daidai' (darajar 3) fiye da "Farashin Saka Hannun Jari."
An yi hukunci "Farashin Saka Hannun Jari" a matsayin 'Daidai da mafi mahimmanci daidai' (darajar 2) fiye da "Farashin O&M."
Wannan ya zama matrix kwatanta don ƙananan ma'auni na Tattalin Arziki.

Mataki na 2 - Maki Wurare:
Don ƙananan ma'auni na "Hanyoyin Tallafi", Birni A (ƙarfafa tallafin gwamnati) an ƙididdige shi a matsayin 'An fi so sosai' (maki 5) fiye da Birni B (rauni tallafi). Ana daidaita waɗannan maki kuma ana haɗa su ta amfani da ma'auni don samar da cikakkiyar maki na haɗin gwiwa ga kowane wuri.

Sakamako: Ko da Birni B yana da ɗan kyawun insolation na rana, babban goyon bayan manufofin Birni A (ma'auni mai girma) yana haifar da mafi girman matsayi na ƙarshe, yana nuna ikon tsarin don daidaita maƙasudai da yawa, sau da yawa masu karo da juna.

8. Hangar Aikace-aikace & Hanyoyin Gaba

• Haɗawa tare da GIS: Ya kamata aikin gaba ya haɗa wannan tsarin MCDM tare da Tsarin Bayanan Geographic (GIS) don nazarin sararin samaniya, taswirar ƙuntatawa (misali, wuraren kariya, gangara), da hangen nesa, ƙirƙirar tsarin tallafawa yanke shawara (DSS) mai ƙarfi.
• Tsarin Ƙirƙira & Ƙirƙira: Haɗa hasashen sauyin yanayi don kimanta dorewar wuri na dogon lokaci. Yi amfani da DEA na stochastic ko fuzzy AHP don sarrafa rashin tabbas a cikin bayanan shigarwa da hukunce-hukuncen ƙwararru.
• Faɗaɗa Kimantawar Fasaha: Daidaita tsarin don sauran fasahohin sabuntawa (iska na bakin teku, geothermal) ko tsarin haɗin gwiwa, ta amfani da takamaiman ma'auni na fasaha.
• Haɗin Dorewar Tsarin Rayuwa: Faɗaɗa ma'aunin muhalli zuwa cikakken Kimantawar Tsarin Rayuwa (LCA) wanda ya ƙunshi masana'antu, turawa, da rushewa, daidaitawa da ƙa'idodin tattalin arziƙin da'ira.
• Haɓaka Koyon Injin: Yi amfani da algorithms na ML don nazarin tarihin nasara/kasawar wuri, mai yuwuwa gyara ma'auni na AHP ko ba da shawarar sabbin ƙananan ma'auni.

9. Nassoshi

1. Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Auna ingancin rukunoni masu yanke shawara. Jaridar Ayyuka ta Turai, 2(6), 429-444.
2. Saaty, T. L. (1980). Tsarin nazarin matsayi. McGraw-Hill.
3. Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA). (2020). Hangar Makamashin Duniya 2020. OECD/IEA.
4. IRENA. (2021). Farashin Samar da Wutar Lantarki Mai Sabuntawa a cikin 2020. Hukumar Makamashi Mai Sabuntawa ta Duniya.
5. Zhu, J., et al. (2020). Cikakken bita na hanyoyin DEA na gauraye. Omega, 102, 102308.
6. Isola, P., Zhu, J., Zhou, T., & Efros, A. A. (2017). Fassarar hoto zuwa hoto tare da cibiyoyin sadarwa na adawa. Gudanar da taron IEEE akan hangen nesa na kwamfuta da tsinkayar tsari (shafi. 1125-1134). (An ambata a matsayin misali na tsari mai tsari, tsarin mataki biyu a wani yanki daban).

10. Nazari na Asali & Sharhin Kwararru